Statistical information Mozambique 2017
Mozambique in the World
Mozambique - Introduction 2017
top of pageBackground: Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration economic dependence on South Africa a severe drought and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development until the mid-1990s. The ruling Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989 and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement between FRELIMO and rebel Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) forces ended the fighting in 1992. In 2004 Mozambique underwent a delicate transition as Joaquim CHISSANO stepped down after 18 years in office. His elected successor Armando GUEBUZA served two terms and then passed executive power to Filipe NYUSI in 2014. RENAMO’s residual armed forces have continued to engage in a low-level insurgency since 2012.
Mozambique - Geography 2017
top of pageLocation: Southeastern Africa bordering the Mozambique Channel between South Africa and Tanzania
Geographic coordinates: 18 15 S 35 00 E
Map reference: Africa
Area
Total: 799,380 km²
Land: 786,380 km²
Water: 13,000 km²
Rank: 36
Comparative: slightly more than five times the size of Georgia; slightly less than twice the size of California
Land boundaries
Total: 4,783 km
Border countries: (6) Malawi 1498 km; South Africa 496 km; Swaziland 108 km; Tanzania 840 km; Zambia 439 km; Zimbabwe 1402 km
Coastline: 2,470 km
Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate: tropical to subtropical
Terrain: mostly coastal lowlands uplands in center high plateaus in northwest mountains in west
Elevation
Mean elevation: 345 m
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m: highest point: Monte Binga 2,436 m
Natural resources: coal titanium natural gas hydropower tantalum graphite
Land use
Land use
Agricultural land: 56.3%
arable land: 6.4%
permanent crops: 0.3%
permanent pasture: 49.6%
permanent crops: 0.3%
permanent pasture: 49.6%
Forest: 43.7%
Other: 0%
Irrigated land: 1180 km² (2012)
Major rivers
Major watersheds area km²
Total water withdrawal
Total renewable water resources
Natural hazards: severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces
Geography
Note: the Zambezi River flows through the north-central and most fertile part of the country
Mozambique - People 2017
top of pagePopulation
Distribution: three large populations clusters are found along the southern coast between Maputo and Inhambane in the central area between Beira and Chimoio along the Zambezi River and in and around the northern cities of Nampula Cidade de Nacala and Pemba; the northwest and southwest are the least populated areas: 26,573,706
Note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy higher infant mortality higher death rates lower population growth rates and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
Rank: 50
Growth rate: 2.46% (2017 est.)
Growth rate rank: 21
Below poverty line: 46.1% (2015 est.)
Nationality
Noun: Mozambican
Adjective: Mozambican
Ethnic groups: African 99.66% (Makhuwa Tsonga Lomwe Sena and others) Europeans 0.06% Euro-Africans 0.2% Indians 0.08%
Languages: Emakhuwa 25.3% Portuguese (official) 10.7% Xichangana 10.3% Cisena 7.5% Elomwe 7% Echuwabo 5.1% other Mozambican languages 30.1% other 0.3% unspecified 3.7% (2007 est.)
Religions: Roman Catholic 28.4% Muslim 17.9% Zionist Christian 15.5% Protestant 12.2% (includes Pentecostal 10.9% and Anglican 1.3%) other 6.7% none 18.7% unspecified 0.7% (2007 est.)
Demographic profile:
Mozambique is a poor sparsely populated country with high fertility and mortality rates and a rapidly growing youthful population – 45% of the population is younger than 15. Mozambique’s high poverty rate is sustained by natural disasters disease high population growth low agricultural productivity and the unequal distribution of wealth. The country’s birth rate is among the world’s highest averaging around more than 5 children per woman (and higher in rural areas) for at least the last three decades. The sustained high level of fertility reflects gender inequality low contraceptive use early marriages and childbearing and a lack of education particularly among women. The high population growth rate is somewhat restrained by the country’s high HIV/AIDS and overall mortality rates. Mozambique ranks among the worst in the world for HIV/AIDS prevalence HIV/AIDS deaths and life expectancy at birth.
Mozambique is predominantly a country of emigration but internal rural-urban migration has begun to grow. Mozambicans primarily from the country’s southern region have been migrating to South Africa for work for more than a century. Additionally approximately 1.7 million Mozambicans fled to Malawi South Africa and other neighboring countries between 1979 and 1992 to escape from civil war. Labor migrants have usually been men from rural areas whose crops have failed or who are unemployed and have headed to South Africa to work as miners; multiple generations of the same family often become miners. Since the abolition of apartheid in South Africa in 1991 other job opportunities have opened to Mozambicans including in the informal and manufacturing sectors but mining remains their main source of employment.
Mozambique is predominantly a country of emigration but internal rural-urban migration has begun to grow. Mozambicans primarily from the country’s southern region have been migrating to South Africa for work for more than a century. Additionally approximately 1.7 million Mozambicans fled to Malawi South Africa and other neighboring countries between 1979 and 1992 to escape from civil war. Labor migrants have usually been men from rural areas whose crops have failed or who are unemployed and have headed to South Africa to work as miners; multiple generations of the same family often become miners. Since the abolition of apartheid in South Africa in 1991 other job opportunities have opened to Mozambicans including in the informal and manufacturing sectors but mining remains their main source of employment.
Age structure
Age structure
0-14 years: 44.72%
15-24 years: 21.57%
25-54 years: 27.42%
55-64 years: 3.4%
65 years and over: 2.9% (2017 est.)
Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 93.5
Youth dependency ratio: 87.5
Elderly dependency ratio: 6.1
Potential support ratio: 16.5
Median age
Total: 17.2 years
Male: 16.6 years
Female: 17.8 years
Rank: 222
Population growth rate: 2.46% (2017 est.)
Rank: 21
Birth rate: 38.1 births/1000 population (2017 est.)
Rank: 11
Death rate: 11.6 deaths/1000 population (2017 est.)
Rank: 25
Net migration rate: -1.9 migrant(s)/1000 population (2017 est.)
Rank: 161
Population distribution: three large populations clusters are found along the southern coast between Maputo and Inhambane in the central area between Beira and Chimoio along the Zambezi River and in and around the northern cities of Nampula Cidade de Nacala and Pemba; the northwest and southwest are the least populated areas
Urbanization
Urban population: 32.8% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 3.36% annual rate of change
Major urban areas
Population: MAPUTO (capital) 1.187 million; Matola 937,000 (2015)
Environment
Current issues: increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant poaching for ivory is a problem
International agreements party to: Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution Wetlands
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants
Sex ratio
At birth: 1.02 male/female
0-14 years: 1.01 male/female
15-24 years: 0.97 male/female
25-54 years: 0.88 male/female
55-64 years: 0.92 male/female
65 years and over: 0.85 male/female
Total population: 0.96 male/female
Mothers mean age at first birth:
18.9 years
median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2011 est.)
median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2011 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
Infant mortality rate
Total: 65.9 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 67.9 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 63.8 deaths/1000 live births
Rank: 13
Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 53.7 years
Male: 52.9 years
Female: 54.5 years
Rank: 215
Total fertility rate: 5.08 children born/woman (2017 est.)
Rank: 11
Contraceptive prevalence rate: 11.6% (2011)
Drinking water source:
urban: 80.6% of population
rural: 37% of population
total: 51.1% of population
urban: 19.4% of population
rural: 63% of population
total: 48.9% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 37% of population
total: 51.1% of population
urban: 19.4% of population
rural: 63% of population
total: 48.9% of population (2015 est.)
Current health expenditure
Physicians density: 0.06 physicians/1000 population (2013)
Hospital bed density: 0.7 beds/1000 population (2011)
Sanitation facility access:
urban: 42.4% of population
rural: 10.1% of population
total: 20.5% of population
urban: 57.6% of population
rural: 89.9% of population
total: 79.5% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 10.1% of population
total: 20.5% of population
urban: 57.6% of population
rural: 89.9% of population
total: 79.5% of population (2015 est.)
Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: 12.3% (2016 est.)
Adult prevalence rate rank: 8
People living with hivaids: 1.8 million (2016 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 4
Deaths: 62,000 (2016 est.)
Deaths rank: 4
Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: very high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea hepatitis A and typhoid fever
Vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
Water contact disease: schistosomiasis
Animal contact disease: rabies
Obesity adult prevalence rate: 7.2% (2016)
Rank: 160
Alcohol consumption
Tobacco use
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 15.6% (2011)
Rank: 44
Education expenditures: 6.5% of GDP (2013)
Rank: 78
Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 58.8%
Male: 73.3%
Female: 45.4%
School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 10 years
Male: 10 years
Female: 9 years
Youth unemployment
Mozambique - Government 2017
top of pageCountry name
Conventional long form: Republic of Mozambique
Conventional short form: Mozambique
Local long form: Republica de Mocambique
Local short form: Mocambique
Former: Portuguese East Africa
Etymology: named for the offshore island of Mozambique; the island was apparently named after Mussa al-BIK an influential Arab slave trader who set himself up as sultan on the island in the 15th century
Government type: presidential republic
Capital
Name: Maputo
Geographic coordinates: 25 57 S 32 35 E
Time difference: UTC+2
Administrative divisions: 10 provinces (provincias singular - provincia) 1 city (cidade)*; Cabo Delgado Gaza Inhambane Manica Maputo Cidade de Maputo* Nampula Niassa Sofala Tete Zambezia
Dependent areas
Independence: 25 June 1975 (from Portugal)
National holiday: Independence Day 25 June (1975)
Constitution
History: previous 1975 1990; latest adopted 16 November 2004 effective 21 December 2004
Amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one-third of the Assembly of the Republic membership; passage of amendments affecting constitutional provisions including the independence and sovereignty of the state the republican form of government basic rights and freedoms and universal suffrage requires at least a two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly and approval in a referendum; referenda not required for passage of other amendments; amended 2007
Legal system: mixed legal system of Portuguese civil law and customary law; note - in rural predominately Muslim villages with no formal legal system Islamic law may be applied
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Mozambique
Dual citizenship recognized: no
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
Chief of state: President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI
Head of government: President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI ; Prime Minister Carlos Agostinho DO ROSARIO (since 17 January 2015); President Alberto Clementino Antonio VAQUINA removed from office 9 January 2015
Cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
Electionsappointments: president elected directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term ; election last held on 15 October 2014 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister appointed by the president
Election results: Filipe NYUSI elected president; percent of vote - Filipe NYUSI 57.0% Afonso DHLAKAMA (RENAMO) 36.6% Daviz SIMANGO (MDM) 6.4%
Legislative branch
Description: unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica
Elections: last held on 15 October 2014
Election results: percent of vote by party - FRELIMO 55.9% RENAMO 32.5% MDM 8.4% other 3.3%; seats by party - FRELIMO 144 RENAMO 89 MDM 17
Judicial branch
Highest court: Supreme Court ; Constitutional Council (consists of 7 judges); note - the Higher Council of the Judiciary is responsible for judiciary management and discipline
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and vice president appointed by Mozambique president in consultation with the Higher Council of the Judiciary and with ratification by the legislature; other judges elected by the legislature; judges serve 5-year renewable terms; Constitutional Council judges appointed - 1 by the president 5 by the legislature and 1 by the CSMJ; judges serve 5-year nonrenewable terms
Subordinate courts: Administrative Court ; provincial courts or Tribunais Judicias de Provincia; District Courts or Tribunais Judicias de Districto; customs courts; maritime courts; courts marshal; labor courts; community courts
Political parties and leaders:
Democratic Movement of Mozambique (Movimento Democratico de Mocambique) or MDM [Daviz SIMANGO]
Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Filipe NYUS]
Mozambique National Resistance (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana) or RENAMO [Afonso DHLAKAMA]
Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Filipe NYUS]
Mozambique National Resistance (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana) or RENAMO [Afonso DHLAKAMA]
International organization participation: ACP AfDB AU C CD CPLP EITI (compliant country) FAO G-77 IAEA IBRD ICAO ICC (NGOs) ICRM IDA IDB IFAD IFC IFRCS IHO ILO IMF IMO IMSO Interpol IOC IOM IPU ISO (correspondent) ITSO ITU ITUC (NGOs) MIGA NAM OIC OIF (observer) OPCW SADC UN UNCTAD UNESCO UNHCR UNIDO Union Latina UNISFA UNWTO UPU WCO WFTU (NGOs) WHO WIPO WMO WTO
Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Carlos DOS SANTOS
In the us chancery: 1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW Washington DC 20,036
In the us telephone: [1] 293-7,146
In the us FAX: [1] 835-0245
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador H. Dean PITTMAN
From the us embassy: Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193 Maputo
From the us mailing address: P.O. Box 783 Maputo
From the us telephone: [258] 49 2,797
From the us FAX: [258] 49 0114
Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of green (top) black and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book; green represents the riches of the land white peace black the African continent yellow the country's minerals and red the struggle for independence; the rifle symbolizes defense and vigilance the hoe refers to the country's agriculture the open book stresses the importance of education and the star represents Marxism and internationalism
Note: one of only two national flags featuring a firearm the other is Guatemala
National symbols: national colors: green black yellow white red
National anthem
Name: 'Patria Amada'
Lyrics and music: Salomao J. MANHICA/unknown
Note: adopted 2002
National heritage
Mozambique - Economy 2017
top of pageEconomy overview:
At independence in 1975 Mozambique was one of the world's poorest countries. Socialist policies economic mismanagement and a brutal civil war from 1977 to 1992 further impoverished the country. In 1987 the government embarked on a series of macroeconomic reforms designed to stabilize the economy. These steps combined with donor assistance and with political stability since the multi-party elections in 1994 propelled the country’s GDP from $4 billion in 1993 following the war to about $35 billion in 2016. Fiscal reforms including the introduction of a value-added tax and reform of the customs service have improved the government's revenue collection abilities.
In spite of these gains more than half the population remains below the poverty line. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country's work force. Citizens rioted in September 2010 after fuel water electricity and bread price increases were announced. In an attempt to lessen the negative impact on the population the government implemented subsidies decreased taxes and tariffs and instituted other fiscal measures.
A substantial trade imbalance persists although aluminum production from the Mozal Aluminum Smelter has significantly boosted export earnings in recent years. In 2012 the Mozambican Government took over Portugal's last remaining share in the Cahora Bassa Hydroelectricity Company a significant contributor to the Southern African Power Pool. The government has plans to expand the Cahora Bassa Dam and build additional dams to increase its electricity exports and fulfill the needs of its burgeoning domestic industries.
Mozambique's once substantial foreign debt was reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives. However in 2016 information surfaced revealing that the Mozambican Government was responsible for over $2 billion in government-backed loans originally secured between 2012-14 by state-owned defense and security companies without parliamentary approval or national budget inclusion which prompted the IMF and international donors to halt direct budget support to the Government of Mozambique. This sizable external debt burden donor withdrawal elevated inflation and currency depreciation contributed to weak growth in 2016 and forebode weaker economic growth in the next few years.
Mozambique grew at an average annual rate of 6%-8% in the decade leading up to 2015 one of Africa's strongest performances but growth slowed in 2016 to about 3.5% as low commodity prices reduced export earnings. However many forecasts predict an increase in growth in 2017 as coal exports grow. Two major international consortiums are seeking approval to develop massive natural gas deposits off the coast of Cabo Delgado province in what has the potential to become the largest infrastructure project in Africa. The government predicts sales of liquefied natural gas from these projects could generate several billion dollars in revenues annually sometime after 2022.
In spite of these gains more than half the population remains below the poverty line. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country's work force. Citizens rioted in September 2010 after fuel water electricity and bread price increases were announced. In an attempt to lessen the negative impact on the population the government implemented subsidies decreased taxes and tariffs and instituted other fiscal measures.
A substantial trade imbalance persists although aluminum production from the Mozal Aluminum Smelter has significantly boosted export earnings in recent years. In 2012 the Mozambican Government took over Portugal's last remaining share in the Cahora Bassa Hydroelectricity Company a significant contributor to the Southern African Power Pool. The government has plans to expand the Cahora Bassa Dam and build additional dams to increase its electricity exports and fulfill the needs of its burgeoning domestic industries.
Mozambique's once substantial foreign debt was reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives. However in 2016 information surfaced revealing that the Mozambican Government was responsible for over $2 billion in government-backed loans originally secured between 2012-14 by state-owned defense and security companies without parliamentary approval or national budget inclusion which prompted the IMF and international donors to halt direct budget support to the Government of Mozambique. This sizable external debt burden donor withdrawal elevated inflation and currency depreciation contributed to weak growth in 2016 and forebode weaker economic growth in the next few years.
Mozambique grew at an average annual rate of 6%-8% in the decade leading up to 2015 one of Africa's strongest performances but growth slowed in 2016 to about 3.5% as low commodity prices reduced export earnings. However many forecasts predict an increase in growth in 2017 as coal exports grow. Two major international consortiums are seeking approval to develop massive natural gas deposits off the coast of Cabo Delgado province in what has the potential to become the largest infrastructure project in Africa. The government predicts sales of liquefied natural gas from these projects could generate several billion dollars in revenues annually sometime after 2022.
Real gdp purchasing power parity:
$35.08 billion (2016 est.)
$33.35 billion (2015 est.)
$30.96 billion (2014 est.)
$33.35 billion (2015 est.)
$30.96 billion (2014 est.)
Note: data are in 2016 dollars
Rank: 123
Real gdp growth rate:
3.8% (2016 est.)
6.6% (2015 est.)
7.4% (2014 est.)
6.6% (2015 est.)
7.4% (2014 est.)
Rank: 83
Real gdp per capita:
$1200 (2016 est.)
$1200 (2015 est.)
$1200 (2014 est.)
$1200 (2015 est.)
$1200 (2014 est.)
Note: data are in 2016 dollars
Rank: 222
Gross national saving:
5.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
5% of GDP (2015 est.)
17.2% of GDP (2014 est.)
5% of GDP (2015 est.)
17.2% of GDP (2014 est.)
Rank: 169
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 71.5%
Government consumption: 28.2%
Investment in fixed capital: 20.5%
Investment in inventories: 22.1%
Exports of goods and services: 34.8%
Imports of goods and services: -77.2%
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 24.8%
Industry: 21.6%
Services: 53.6%
Agriculture products: cotton cashew nuts sugarcane tea cassava (manioc tapioca) corn coconuts sisal citrus and tropical fruits potatoes sunflowers; beef poultry
Industries: aluminum petroleum products chemicals (fertilizer soap paints) textiles cement glass asbestos tobacco food beverages
Industrial production growth rate: 5.4% (2016 est.)
Rank: 44
Labor force: 12.5 million (2016 est.)
Rank: 45
By occupation agriculture: 81%
By occupation industry: 6%
By occupation services: 13%
Labor force
Unemployment rate:
22.4% (2014 est.)
17% (2007 est.)
17% (2007 est.)
Rank: 188
Youth unemployment
Population below poverty line: 46.1% (2015 est.)
Gini index
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 1.9%
Highest 10: 36.7%
Distribution of family income gini index:
45.6 (2008)
47.3 (2002)
47.3 (2002)
Rank: 37
Budget
Revenues: $2.514 billion
Expenditures: $3.548 billion
Surplus or deficit: -9.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 195
Taxes and other revenues: 22.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Rank: 134
Public debt:
121.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
72.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
72.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
Rank: 8
Revenue
Fiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate consumer prices:
19.2% (2016 est.)
3.6% (2015 est.)
3.6% (2015 est.)
Rank: 219
Central bank discount rate:
9.5% (17 January 2013)
3.25% (31 December 2010)
3.25% (31 December 2010)
Rank: 27
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
21.18% (31 December 2016 est.)
14.87% (31 December 2015 est.)
14.87% (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 13
Stock of narrow money:
$3.411 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$4.758 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$4.758 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 111
Stock of broad money:
$5.142 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$7.265 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$7.265 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 126
Stock of domestic credit:
$4.242 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$5.565 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$5.565 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 129
Market value of publicly traded shares: $N/A
Current account balance:
$-4.307 billion (2016 est.)
$-5.968 billion (2015 est.)
$-5.968 billion (2015 est.)
Rank: 171
Exports:
$3.328 billion (2016 est.)
$3.413 billion (2015 est.)
$3.413 billion (2015 est.)
Rank: 119
Commodities: aluminum prawns cashews cotton sugar citrus timber; bulk electricity
Partners: Netherlands 30.8% India 15.2% South Africa 14.6% (2016)
Imports:
$4.733 billion (2016 est.)
$7.577 billion (2015 est.)
$7.577 billion (2015 est.)
Rank: 124
Commodities: machinery and equipment vehicles fuel chemicals metal products foodstuffs textiles
Partners: South Africa 36.6% China 10.9% Netherlands 7.8% Bahrain 5.2% France 4.2% Portugal 4.2% UAE 4.1% (2016)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$2.081 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$2.582 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$2.582 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 118
Debt external:
$10.48 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$10.06 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$10.06 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 110
Stock of direct foreign investment at home
Stock of direct foreign investment abroad
Exchange rates:
meticais (MZM) per US dollar -
63.067 (2016 est.)
63.067 (2015 est.)
39.983 (2014 est.)
31.367 (2013 est.)
28.38 (2012 est.)
63.067 (2016 est.)
63.067 (2015 est.)
39.983 (2014 est.)
31.367 (2013 est.)
28.38 (2012 est.)
Mozambique - Energy 2017
top of pageElectricity
Access population without electricity: 15,700,000
Access electrification total population: 39%
Access electrification urban areas: 66%
Access electrification rural areas: 27%
Production: 19.58 billion kWh (2015 est.)
Production rank: 76
Consumption: 13.86 billion kWh (2015 est.)
Consumption rank: 82
Exports: 12.88 billion kWh (2015 est.)
Exports rank: 18
Imports: 10.55 billion kWh (2015 est.)
Imports rank: 25
Installed generating capacity: 2.556 million kW (2015 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 104
Generation sources fossil fuels: 14% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 198
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 149
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 85.6% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 12
Generation sources other renewable sources: 0.5% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 149
Coal
Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2016 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 174
Crude oil exports: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 167
Crude oil imports: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 167
Crude oil proven reserves: 0 bbl (1 January 2017 es)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 172
Crude oil
Refined petroleum
Products production: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products production rank: 179
Products consumption: 23,000 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products consumption rank: 131
Products exports: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products exports rank: 183
Products imports: 21,890 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products imports rank: 115
Natural gas
Production: 5.695 billion m³ (2015 est.)
Production rank: 50
Consumption: 2.726 billion m³ (2015 est.)
Consumption rank: 81
Exports: 3.8 billion m³ (2015 est.)
Exports rank: 34
Imports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 160
Proven reserves: 2.832 trillion m³ (1 January 2017 es)
Proven reserves rank: 13
Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 3.9 million Mt (2013 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 134
Energy consumption per capita
Mozambique - Communication 2017
top of pageTelephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 84,310
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1
Fixed lines rank: 151
Mobile cellular total: 18,404,857
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 71
Mobile cellular rank: 59
Telephone system
General assessment: the mobile segment has shown strong growth since the introduction of competition in 2003; poor fixed-line infrastructure means most Internet access is through mobile accounts
Domestic: extremely low fixed-line teledensity contrasts with rapid growth in the mobile-cellular network; three mobile-cellular operators provide coverage that includes all the main cities and key roads; mobile-cellular teledensity now about 70 per 100 persons
International: country code - 258; landing point for the EASSy and SEACOM fiber-optic submarine cable systems; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2016)
Broadcast media: 1 state-run TV station supplemented by private TV station; Portuguese state TV's African service RTP Africa and Brazilian-owned TV Miramar are available; state-run radio provides nearly 100% territorial coverage and broadcasts in multiple languages; a number of privately owned and community-operated stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2007)
Internet
Country code: .mz
Users total: 4,543,284
Users percent of population: 17.5%
Users rank: 111
Broadband fixed subscriptions
Mozambique - Military 2017
top of pageMilitary expenditures:
1.03% of GDP (2016)
0.99% of GDP (2015)
1.02% of GDP (2014)
0.99% of GDP (2013)
0.91% of GDP (2012)
0.99% of GDP (2015)
1.02% of GDP (2014)
0.99% of GDP (2013)
0.91% of GDP (2012)
Military and security forces
Military service age and obligation: registration for military service is mandatory for all males and females at 18 years of age; 18-35 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary service; 2-year service obligation; women may serve as officers or enlisted (2012)
Space program
Terrorist groups
Mozambique - Transportation 2017
top of pageNational air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 3
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 16
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 686,892
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 5,138,916 mt-km
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: C9 (2016)
Airports: 98 (2013)
Rank: 57
With paved runways total: 21
With paved runways over 3047 m: 1
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 2
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 9
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 5
With paved runways under 914 m: 4
With unpaved runways total: 77
With unpaved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 1
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 9
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 29
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 38
Heliports
Pipelines: gas 972 km; refined products 278 km (2013)
Railways
Total: 4,787 km
Narrow gauge: 4,787 km 1.067-m gauge
Rank: 39
Roadways
Total: 31,083 km
Paved: 7,365 km
Unpaved: 23,718 km
Rank: 96
Waterways: 460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora Bassa Lake) (2010)
Rank: 85
Merchant marine
Total: 2
By type: cargo 2
Foreign owned: 2 (2010)
Rank: 145
Ports and terminals
Major seaport: Beira Maputo Nacala
Mozambique - Transnational issues 2017
top of pageDisputes international: South Africa has placed military units to assist police operations along the border of Lesotho Zimbabwe and Mozambique to control smuggling poaching and illegal migration
Refugees and internally displaced persons
IDPs: 15,000
Illicit drugs
Rank: li>a href='../rankorder/rankorderguide.html'>Guide to Country Comparisons: southern African transit point for South Asian hashish and heroin and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa); corruption and poor regulatory capability make the banking system vulnerable to money laundering but the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
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