Background: Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. The Bailiwick of Jersey is a British Crown dependency but is not part of the UK or of the EU. However the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.
Administrative divisions: none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government but there are 12 parishes; Grouville Saint Brelade Saint Clement Saint Helier Saint John Saint Lawrence Saint Martin Saint Mary Saint Ouen Saint Peter Saint Saviour and Trinity
Constitution History: unwritten; partly statutes partly common law and practice Amendments: proposed by a government minister to the Assembly of the States of Jersey by an Assembly member or by an elected parish head; passage requires several Assembly readings a majority vote by the Assembly review by the UK Ministry of Justice and approval by the British monarch (2016)
Legal system: the laws of the UK where applicable apply; local statutes
Executive branch Chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II ; represented by Lieutenant Governor Sir Stephen DALTON (since 13 March 2017) 2017 Head of government: Chief Minister Ian GORST ; Bailiff William BAILHACHE (since 29 January 2015) Cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed individually by the states Electionsappointments: the monarchy is hereditary; Council of Ministers including the chief minister indirectly elected by the Assembly of States; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
Judicial branch Highest court: Jersey Court of Appeal ; Royal Court (consists of the bailiff deputy bailiff 6 commissioners and lay people referred to as jurats and is organized into Heritage Family Probate and Samedi Divisions); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committe of the Priviy Council in London Judge selection and term of office: Jersey Court of Appeal bailiffs and judges appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; bailiffs and judges appointed for extent of good behavior; Royal Court bailiffs appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; commissioners appointed by the bailiff; jurats appointed by the Electoral College; bailiffs and commissioners appointed for extent of good behavior; jurats appointed until retirement at age 72 Subordinate courts: Magistrate's Court; Youth Court; Petty Debts Court; Parish Hall Enquires
Flag description: white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; in the upper quadrant surmounted by a yellow crown a red shield with three lions in yellow; according to tradition the ships of Jersey - in an attempt to differentiate themselves from English ships flying the horizontal cross of St. George - rotated the cross to the 'X' (saltire) configuration; because this arrangement still resembled the Irish cross of St. Patrick the yellow Plantagenet crown and Jersey coat of arms were added
National anthem Name: 'Isle de Siez Nous' Lyrics and music: Gerard LE FEUVRE Note: adopted 2008; serves as a local anthem; as a British Crown dependency 'God Save the Queen' is official
Economy overview: Jersey's economy is based on international financial services agriculture and tourism. In 2010 the financial services sector accounted for about 50% of the island's output. Potatoes cauliflower tomatoes and especially flowers are important export crops shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Tourism accounts for one-quarter of GDP. Living standards come close to those of the UK. In recent years the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey with the result that an electronics industry has developed displacing more traditional industries. All raw material and energy requirements are imported as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. In October 2014 Jersey signed an OECD agreement to automatically exchange some financial account information to limit tax avoidance and evasion.
Telephone system General assessment: modern system with broadband access Domestic: fixed-line and mobile-cellular services widely available International: country code - 44; submarine cable connectivity to Guernsey the UK and France
Broadcast media: multiple UK terrestrial TV broadcasts are received via a transmitter in Jersey; satellite packages available; BBC Radio Jersey and 1 other radio station operating (2009)