Map of Georgia | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

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Background: The region of present day Georgia contained the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Kartli-Iberia. The area came under Roman influence in the first centuries A.D., and Christianity became the state religion in the 330s. Domination by Persians, Arabs, and Turks was followed by a Georgian golden age (11th-13th centuries) that was cut short by the Mongol invasion of 1236. Subsequently, the Ottoman and Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1921 and regained its independence when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991.


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Location: Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia, with a sliver of land north of the Caucasus extending into Europe; note - Georgia views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

Geographic coordinates: 42 00 N, 43 30 E

Map reference: Asia

Area
Total: 69,700 km²
Land: 69,700 km²
Water: 0 km²
Note: approximately 12,560 km², or about 18% of Georgia's area, is Russian occupied; the seized area includes all of Abkhazia and the breakaway region of South Ossetia, which consists of the northern part of Shida Kartli, eastern slivers of the Imereti region and Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, and part of western Mtskheta-Mtianeti
Comparative: slightly smaller than South Carolina; slightly larger than West Virginia

Land boundaries
Total: 1,814 km
Border countries: (4) Armenia 219 km; , Azerbaijan 428 km; , Russia 894 km; , Turkey 273 km

Coastline: 310 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Climate: warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast

Terrain: largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; fertile soils in river valley flood plains and foothills of Kolkhida Lowland

Elevation
Highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,193 m
Lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
Mean elevation: 1,432 m

Natural resources: timber, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth

Land use
Agricultural land: 35.5% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land arable land: 5.8% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent crops: 1.8% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent pasture: 27.9% (2018 est.)
Forest: 39.4% (2018 est.)
Other: 25.1% (2018 est.)

Irrigated land: 4,330 km² (2012)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal
Municipal: 359,974,627.7 cubic meters (2017 est.)
Industrial: 402,206,287.9 cubic meters (2017 est.)
Agricultural: 1,060,819,084.4 cubic meters (2017 est.)

Total renewable water resources: 63.33 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

Natural hazards: earthquakes

Geography


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Population
Distribution: settlement concentrated in the central valley, particularly in the capital city of Tbilisi in the east; smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest: 4,933,674 (July 2021 est.)
Growth rate: 0.05% (2021 est.)
Below poverty line: 19.5% (2019 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Georgian(s)
Adjective: Georgian

Ethnic groups: Georgian 86.8%, Azeri 6.3%, Armenian 4.5%, other 2.3% (includes Russian, Ossetian, Yazidi, Ukrainian, Kist, Greek) (2014 est.)

Languages: Georgian (official) 87.6%, Azeri 6.2%, Armenian 3.9%, Russian 1.2%, other 1%; note - Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia (2014 est.)
Major language samples:

Religions: Orthodox (official) 83.4%, Muslim 10.7%, Armenian Apostolic 2.9%, other 1.2% (includes Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Yazidi, Protestant, Jewish), none 0.5%, unspecified/no answer 1.2% (2014 est.)

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years: 18.42% (male 472,731/female 435,174)
15-24 years: 10.9% (male 286,518/female 250,882)
25-54 years: 40.59% (male 984,942/female 1,016,353)
55-64 years: 13.24% (male 288,650/female 364,117)
65 years and over: 16.85% (male 326,219/female 504,444) (2020 est.)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 55
Youth dependency ratio: 31.3
Elderly dependency ratio: 23.6
Potential support ratio: 4.2 (2020 est.)

Median age
Total: 38.6 years
Male: 35.9 years
Female: 41.4 years (2020 est.)

Population growth rate: 0.05% (2021 est.)

Birth rate: 11.26 births/1000 population (2021 est.)

Death rate: 10.84 deaths/1000 population (2021 est.)

Net migration rate: 0.06 migrant(s)/1000 population (2021 est.)

Population distribution: settlement concentrated in the central valley, particularly in the capital city of Tbilisi in the east; smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest

Urbanization
Urban population: 59.9% of total population (2021)
Rate of urbanization: 0.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Note: data include Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Major urban areas
Population: 1.079 million TBILISI (capital) (2021)

Environment
Current issues: air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy water pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals; land and forest degradation; biodiversity loss; waste management
International agreements party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Air pollutants
Particulate matter emissions: 21.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 10.13 megatons (2016 est.)
Methane emissions: 6.05 megatons (2020 est.)

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.09 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.14 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.79 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Mothers mean age at first birth: 25.9 years (2019 est.)
Note: data do not cover Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Maternal mortality ratio: 25 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate
Total: 15.1 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 17.26 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 12.83 deaths/1000 live births (2021 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 77.25 years
Male: 73.18 years
Female: 81.52 years (2021 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.75 children born/woman (2021 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 40.6% (2018)

Drinking water source
Improved urban: 100% of population
Improved rural: 96.2% of population
Improved total: 98.4% of population
Unimproved urban: 0% of population
Unimproved rural: 3.8% of population
Unimproved total: 1.6% of population (2017 est.)

Current health expenditure: 7.1% (2018)

Physicians density: 7.12 physicians/1000 population (2018)

Hospital bed density: 2.9 beds/1000 population (2014)

Sanitation facility access
Improved urban: 97% of population
Improved rural: 82.7% of population
Improved total: 91.1% of population
Unimproved urban: 3% of population
Unimproved rural: 17.3% of population
Unimproved total: 8.9% of population (2017 est.)

Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: 0.3% (2020 est.)
People living with hivaids: 9,100 (2020 est.)
Deaths: <100 (2020 est.)

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 21.7% (2016)

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 2.1% (2018)

Education expenditures: 3.8% of GDP (2020)

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 99.6%
Male: 99.7%
Female: 99.5% (2019)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 16 years
Male: 15 years
Female: 16 years (2020)

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15-24 total: 39.4%
Rate ages 15-24 male: 40.1%
Rate ages 15-24 female: 38.3% (2020 est.)


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Country name
Conventional long form: none
Conventional short form: Georgia
Local long form: none
Local short form: Sak'art'velo
Former: Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Etymology: the Western name may derive from the Persian designation 'gurgan' meaning 'Land of the Wolves'; the native name 'Sak'art'velo' means 'Land of the Kartvelians' and refers to the core central Georgian region of Kartli

Government type: semi-presidential republic

Capital
Name: Tbilisi
Geographic coordinates: 41 41 N, 44 50 E
Time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Etymology: the name in Georgian means 'warm place,' referring to the numerous sulfuric hot springs in the area

Administrative divisions: 9 regions (mkharebi, singular - mkhare), 1 city (kalaki), and 2 autonomous republics (avtomnoy respubliki, singular - avtom respublika)

Dependent areas

Independence: 9 April 1991 (from the Soviet Union); notable earlier date: A.D. 1008 (Georgia unified under King BAGRAT III)

National holiday: Independence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 was the date of independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 was the date of independence from the Soviet Union

Constitution
History: previous 1921, 1978 (based on 1977 Soviet Union constitution); latest approved 24 August 1995, effective 17 October 1995
Amendments: proposed as a draft law supported by more than one half of the Parliament membership or by petition of at least 200,000 voters; passage requires support by at least three fourths of the Parliament membership in two successive sessions three months apart and the signature and promulgation by the president of Georgia; amended several times, last in 2020 (legislative electoral system revised)

Legal system: civil law system

International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descentonly: at least one parent must be a citizen of Georgia
Dual citizenship recognized: no
Residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Salome ZOURABICHVILI (since 16 December 2018)
Head of government: Prime Minister Irakli GARIBASHVILI (since 22 February 2021)
Cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers
Elections and appointments:
Election results: Salome ZOURABICHVILI elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Salome ZOURABICHVILI (independent, backed by Georgian Dream) 59.5%, Grigol VASHADZE (UNM) 40.5%; Irakli GARIBASHVILI approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 89-2

Legislative branch
Description: unicameral Parliament or Sakartvelos Parlamenti (150 seats; 120 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed, party-list proportional representation vote and 30 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by at least 50% majority vote, with a runoff if needed; no party earning less than 40% of total votes may claim a majority; members serve 4-year terms)
Elections: last held on 31 October and 21 November 2020 (next to be held in October 2024)
Election results: percent of vote by party - Georgian Dream 48.2%, UNM 27.2%, European Georgia 3.8%, Lelo 3.2%, Strategy 3.2%, Alliance of Patriots 3.1%, Girchi 2.9%, Citizens 1.3%, Labor 1%; seats by party - Georgian Dream 90, UNM 36, European Georgia 5, Lelo 4, Strategy 4, Alliance of Patriots 4, Girchi 4, Citizens 2, Labor 1; composition (as of October 2021) - men 121, women 29, percent of women 19.3%

Judicial branch
Highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 28 judges organized into several specialized judicial chambers; number of judges determined by the president of Georgia); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges); note - the Abkhazian and Ajarian Autonomous republics each have a supreme court and a hierarchy of lower courts
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the High Council of Justice (a 14-member body consisting of the Supreme Court chairperson, common court judges, and appointees of the president of Georgia) and appointed by Parliament; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court judges appointed 3 each by the president, by Parliament, and by the Supreme Court judges; judges appointed for 10-year terms

Political parties and leaders: Alliance of Patriots [Irma INASHVILI]
Citizens Party [Aleko ELISASHVILI]
European Georgia-Movement for Liberty [Davit BAKRADZE]
European Socialists [Fridon INJIA]
For Georgia [Giorgi GAKHARIA]
Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia [Irakli KOBAKHIDZE]
Girchi-More Freedom [Zurab JAPARIDZE]
Labor Party [Shalva NATELASHVILI]
Lelo for Georgia [Mamuka KHAZARADZE]
New Political Centre-Girchi [Iago KHVICHIA]
Republican Party [Khatuna SAMNIDZE]
Strategy Aghmashenebeli [Giorgi VASHADZE]
United National Movement or UNM [Nikanor 'Nika' MELIA]

International organization participation: ADB, BSEC, CD, CE, CPLP (associate), EAPC, EBRD, FAO, G-11, GCTU, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador David BAKRADZE (since 18 January 2017)
In the us chancery: 1824 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20,009
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 387-2,390
In the us FAX: [1] (202) 387-0864
In the us email address and website:
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Kelly C. DEGNAN (since 31 January 2020)
From the us embassy: 11 Georgian-American Friendship Avenue, Didi Dighomi, Tbilisi, 0131
From the us mailing address: 7,060 Tbilisi Place, Washington, DC  20,521-7,060
From the us telephone: [995] (32) 227-70-00
From the us FAX: [995] (32) 253-23-10
From the us email address and website:

Flag description: white rectangle with a central red cross extending to all four sides of the flag; each of the four quadrants displays a small red bolnur-katskhuri cross; sometimes referred to as the Five-Cross Flag; although adopted as the official Georgian flag in 2004, the five-cross design is based on a 14th century banner of the Kingdom of Georgia

National symbols: Saint George, lion; national colors: red, white

National anthem
Name: 'Tavisupleba' (Liberty)
Lyrics and music: Davit MAGRADSE/Zakaria PALIASHVILI (adapted by Joseb KETSCHAKMADSE)
Note: adopted 2004; after the Rose Revolution, a new anthem with music based on the operas 'Abesalom da Eteri' and 'Daisi' was adopted

National heritage


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Economy overview

Real gdp purchasing power parity:
Note: data are in 2017 dollars

Real gdp growth rate: 5% (2017 est.)

2.8% (2016 est.)

2.9% (2015 est.)

Real gdp per capita:
Note: data are in 2017 dollars

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 62.8% (2017 est.)
Government consumption: 17.1% (2017 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 29.5% (2017 est.)
Investment in inventories: 2.4% (2017 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 50.4% (2017 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -62.2% (2017 est.)

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 8.2% (2017 est.)
Industry: 23.7% (2017 est.)
Services: 67.9% (2017 est.)

Agriculture products: milk, grapes, maize, potatoes, wheat, watermelons, tomatoes, tangerines/mandarins, barley, apples

Industries: steel, machine tools, electrical appliances, mining (manganese, copper, gold), chemicals, wood products, wine

Industrial production growth rate: 6.7% (2017 est.)

Labor force: 686,000 (2019 est.)
By occupation agriculture: 55.6%
By occupation industry: 8.9%
By occupation services: 35.5% (2006 est.)

Unemployment rate: 11.8% (2016 est.)

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15-24 total: 39.4%
Rate ages 15-24 male: 40.1%
Rate ages 15-24 female: 38.3% (2020 est.)

Population below poverty line: 19.5% (2019 est.)

Gini index
Coefficient distribution of family income: 36.4 (2018 est.)

46 (2011)

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 2%
Highest 10: 31.3% (2008)

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget
Revenues: $4.352 billion (2017 est.)
Expenditures: $4.925 billion (2017 est.)
Surplus or deficit: $-3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Taxes and other revenues: 28.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Public debt: 44.9% of GDP (2017 est.)
Note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities; Georgia does not maintain intragovernmental debt or social funds

Revenue
From forest resources forest revenues: 0.07% of GDP (2018 est.)
From coal coal revenues: 0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices: 4.8% (2019 est.)

2.6% (2018 est.)

6% (2017 est.)

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance: -$1.348 billion (2017 est.)

-$1.84 billion (2016 est.)

Exports: $5.94 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)

$9.54 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)

$8.9 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)
Partners: Russia 12%, Azerbaijan 12%, Armenia 9%, Bulgaria 8%, China 6%, Turkey 6%, Ukraine 6% (2019)
Commodities: copper, cars, iron alloys, wine, packaged medicines (2019)

Imports: $8.94 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)

$11.11 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)

$10.77 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)
Partners: Turkey 17%, China 11%, Russia 9%, Azerbaijan 6%, United States 6%, Germany 5% (2019)
Commodities: cars, refined petroleum, copper, packaged medicines, natural gas (2019)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $3.039 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$2.756 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

Debt external: $18.149 billion (2019 est.)

$17.608 billion (2018 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates:


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Electricity
Access electrification total population: 100% (2020)
Production: 13.24 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Consumption: 12.37 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Exports: 560 million kWh (2016 est.)
Imports: 1.329 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Installed generating capacity: 4.641 million kW (2016 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels: 35% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 65% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources: 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)

Coal

Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 400 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Crude oil exports: 3,006 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Crude oil imports: 2,660 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil proven reserves: 35 million bbl (1 January 2018 est.)

Crude oil

Refined petroleum
Products production: 247 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Products consumption: 27,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)
Products exports: 2,052 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products imports: 28,490 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Natural gas
Production: 7.363 million m³ (2017 est.)
Consumption: 2.294 billion m³ (2017 est.)
Exports: 0 m³ (2017 est.)
Imports: 2.294 billion m³ (2017 est.)
Proven reserves: 8.495 billion m³ (1 January 2018 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 378,498 (2020)
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9.49 (2020 est.)
Mobile cellular total subscriptions: 5,100,101 (2020)
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127.9 (2020 est.)

Telephone system

Broadcast media: The Tbilisi-based Georgian Public Broadcaster (GPB) includes Channel 1, Channel 2, and the Batumi-based Adjara TV, and the State Budget funds all three; there are also a number of independent commercial television broadcasters, such as Imedi, Rustavi 2, Pirveli TV, Maestro, Kavkasia, Georgian Dream Studios (GDS), Obiektivi, Mtavari Arkhi, and a small Russian language operator TOK TV; Tabula and Post TV are web-based television outlets; all of these broadcasters and web-based television outlets, except GDS, carry the news; the Georgian Orthodox Church also operates a satellite-based television station called Unanimity; there are 26 regional television broadcasters across Georgia that are members of the Georgian Association of Regional Broadcasters and/or the Alliance of Georgian Broadcasters; the broadcaster organizations seek to strengthen the regional media's capacities and distribution of regional products: a nationwide digital switchover occurred in 2015; there are several dozen private radio stations; GPB operates 2 radio stations (2019)

Internet
Country code: .ge
Users total: 2.74 million (2021 est.)
Users percent of population: 72.53% (2020 est.)

Broadband fixed subscriptions
Total: 997,785 (2020)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 25.01 (2020 est.)


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Military expenditures: 1.8% of GDP (2020 est.)

2.3% of GDP (2019)

2.1% of GDP (2018)

2.1% of GDP (2017)

2.2% of GDP (2016)

Military and security forces: Georgian Defense Forces: Land Forces (includes Aviation and Air Defense Forces), Special Operations Forces, National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Border Police, Coast Guard (includes Georgian naval forces, which were merged with the Coast Guard in 2009) (2021)

Military service age and obligation: conscription abolished in 2016, but reinstated in 2017; 18 to 27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary active duty military service; conscript service obligation is 12 months (2021)

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 4 (2020)
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 12
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 516,034 (2018)
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 750,000 mt-km (2018)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: 4L

Airports
Total: 22 (2013)
With paved runways total: 18
With paved runways over 3047 m: 1
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 7
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 3
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 5
With paved runways under 914 m: 2 (2017)
With unpaved runways total: 4
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 1
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 2
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 1 (2013)

Heliports: 2 (2013)

Pipelines: 1596 km gas, 1175 km oil (2013)

Railways
Total: 1,363 km (2014)
Narrowgauge: 37 km 0.912-m gauge (37 km electrified) (2014)
Broadgauge: 1,326 km 1.520-m gauge (1,251 km electrified) (2014)

Roadways
Total: 20,295 km (2018)

Waterways

Merchant marine
Total: 25
By type: bulk carrier 2, general cargo 3, other 20 (2021)

Ports and terminals
Major seaport: Black Sea - Bat'umi, P'ot'i


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Disputes international: Russia's military support and subsequent recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia independence in 2008 continue to sour relations with Georgia

Refugees and internally displaced persons
IDPs: 304,000 (displaced in the 1990s as a result of armed conflict in the breakaway republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia; displaced in 2008 by fighting between Georgia and Russia over South Ossetia) (2019)
Stateless persons: 531 (2020)

Illicit drugs: located on a major drug trafficking route where Southwest Asian opium, heroin and precursor chemicals are transported; marijuana trafficking increased