Map of Uganda | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

top of page


Background:


top of page


Location: East-Central Africa, west of Kenya, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Geographic coordinates: 1 00 N, 32 00 E

Map reference: Africa

Area
Total: 241,038 km²
Land: 197,100 km²
Water: 43,938 km²
Comparative: slightly more than two times the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Oregon
Country comparison total: 2,729 km
Country comparison border countries: (5) Democratic Republic of the Congo 877 km; Kenya 814 km; Rwanda 172 km; South Sudan 475 km; Tanzania 391 km

Land boundaries
Total: 2,729 km
Border countries: (5) Democratic Republic of the Congo 877 km; Kenya 814 km; Rwanda 172 km; South Sudan 475 km; Tanzania 391 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

Climate: tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast

Terrain: mostly plateau with rim of mountains

Elevation
Highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m
Lowest point: Albert Nile 614 m

Natural resources: copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land, gold

Land use
Agricultural land: 71.2% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land arable land: 34.3% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent crops: 11.3% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent pasture: 25.6% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land forest: 14.5% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land other: 14.3% (2018 est.)

Irrigated land: 105 km² (2013)

Major rivers
By length in km: Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km
By length in km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

Major watersheds area km²: Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 km²), (Mediterranean Sea) Nile (3,254,853 km²)

Total water withdrawal
Municipal: 330 million cubic meters (2020 est.)
Industrial: 50 million cubic meters (2020 est.)
Agricultural: 260 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

Total renewable water resources: 60.1 billion m³ (2020 est.)

Natural hazards: droughts; floods; earthquakes; landslides; hailstorms

Geography
Note: landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers; Lake Victoria, the world's largest tropical lake and the second largest freshwater lake, is shared among three countries: Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda


top of page


Population
Distribution: population density is relatively high in comparison to other African nations; most of the population is concentrated in the central and southern parts of the country, particularly along the shores of Lake Victoria and Lake Albert; the northeast is least populated as shown in this population distribution map
Total: 49,283,041
Male: 24,040,560
Female: 25,242,481 (2024 est.)
Growth rate: 3.18% (2024 est.)
Below poverty line: 20.3% (2019 est.)
Below poverty line note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Nationality
Noun: Ugandan(s)
Adjective: Ugandan

Ethnic groups: Baganda 16.5%, Banyankole 9.6%, Basoga 8.8%, Bakiga 7.1%, Iteso 7%, Langi 6.3%, Bagisu 4.9%, Acholi 4.4%, Lugbara 3.3%, other 32.1% (2014 est.)

Languages: English (official), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages and the language used most often in the capital), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili (official), Arabic

Religions: Protestant 45.1% (Anglican 32.0%, Pentecostal/Born Again/Evangelical 11.1%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.7%, Baptist .3%), Roman Catholic 39.3%, Muslim 13.7%, other 1.6%, none 0.2% (2014 est.)

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years: 47% (male 11,747,745/female 11,427,932)
15-64 years: 50.6% (male 11,788,483/female 13,131,051)
65 years and over: 2.4% (2024 est.) (male 504,332/female 683,498)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 88.2
Youth dependency ratio: 85.1
Elderly dependency ratio: 3.2
Potential support ratio: 31.7 (2021 est.)

Median age
Total: 16.2 years (2024 est.)
Male: 15.5 years
Female: 17.1 years

Population growth rate: 3.18% (2024 est.)

Birth rate: 39.6 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Death rate: 4.7 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Net migration rate: -3.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Population distribution: population density is relatively high in comparison to other African nations; most of the population is concentrated in the central and southern parts of the country, particularly along the shores of Lake Victoria and Lake Albert; the northeast is least populated as shown in this population distribution map

Urbanization
Urban population: 26.8% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 5.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas
Population: 3.846 million KAMPALA (capital) (2023)

Environment
Current issues: draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial discharge and water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; widespread poaching
International agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
International agreements signed but not ratified: Environmental Modification

Air pollutants
Particulate matter emissions: 31.31 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 5.68 megatons (2016 est.)
Methane emissions: 30.24 megatons (2020 est.)

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mothers mean age at first birth: 19.4 years (2016 est.)
Note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49

Maternal mortality ratio: 284 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Infant mortality rate
Total: 28.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male: 31.8 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 25.1 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 69.7 years (2024 est.)
Male: 67.5 years
Female: 72 years

Total fertility rate: 5.17 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 50.2% (2021)

Drinking water source
Improved urban: 92.5% of population
Unimproved rural: 20% of population
Unimproved total: 16.9% of population (2020 est.)
Unimproved urban: 7.5% of population

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density: 0.5 beds/1,000 population

Sanitation facility access
Improved urban: 67.3% of population
Improved rural: 27.5% of population
Improved total: 37.4% of population
Unimproved urban: 32.7% of population
Unimproved rural: 72.5% of population
Unimproved total: 62.6% of population (2020 est.)

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 5.3% (2016)

Alcohol consumption
Per capita total: 6.82 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita beer: 0.85 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita wine: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita spirits: 0.5 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita other alcohols: 5.46 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use
Total: 8.4% (2020 est.)
Male: 13% (2020 est.)
Female: 3.7% (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 7.6% (2019/20)

Education expenditures: 2.7% of GDP (2021 est.)

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 79%
Male: 84%
Female: 74.3% (2021)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15 24 total: 4.5% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 male: 3.4% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 female: 5.6% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment


top of page


Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Uganda
Conventional short form: Uganda
Etymology: from the name 'Buganda,' adopted by the British as the designation for their East African colony in 1894; Buganda had been a powerful East African state during the 18th and 19th centuries

Government type: presidential republic

Capital
Name: Kampala
Geographic coordinates: 0 19 N, 32 33 E
Time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Etymology: the site of the original British settlement was referred to by its native name as Akasozi ke'Empala ('hill of the impala' [plural]); over time this designation was shortened to K'empala and finally Kampala

Administrative divisions: 134 districts and 1 capital city*; Abim, Adjumani, Agago, Alebtong, Amolatar, Amudat, Amuria, Amuru, Apac, Arua, Budaka, Bududa, Bugiri, Bugweri, Buhweju, Buikwe, Bukedea, Bukomansimbi, Bukwo, Bulambuli, Buliisa, Bundibugyo, Bunyangabu, Bushenyi, Busia, Butaleja, Butambala, Butebo, Buvuma, Buyende, Dokolo, Gomba, Gulu, Hoima, Ibanda, Iganga, Isingiro, Jinja, Kaabong, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kagadi, Kakumiro, Kalaki, Kalangala, Kaliro, Kalungu, Kampala*, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kapelebyong, Karenga, Kasese, Kasanda, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kazo, Kibaale, Kiboga, Kibuku, Kikuube, Kiruhura, Kiryandongo, Kisoro, Kitagwenda, Kitgum, Koboko, Kole, Kotido, Kumi, Kwania, Kween, Kyankwanzi, Kyegegwa, Kyenjojo, Kyotera, Lamwo, Lira, Luuka, Luwero, Lwengo, Lyantonde, Madi-Okollo, Manafwa, Maracha, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Mbale, Mbarara, Mitooma, Mityana, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nabilatuk, Nakapiripirit, Nakaseke, Nakasongola, Namayingo, Namisindwa, Namutumba, Napak, Nebbi, Ngora, Ntoroko, Ntungamo, Nwoya, Obongi, Omoro, Otuke, Oyam, Pader, Pakwach, Pallisa, Rakai, Rubanda, Rubirizi, Rukiga, Rukungiri, Rwampara, Sembabule, Serere, Sheema, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe, Zombo

Dependent areas

Independence: 9 October 1962 (from the UK)

National holiday: Independence Day, 9 October (1962)

Constitution
History: several previous; latest adopted 27 September 1995, promulgated 8 October 1995
Amendments: proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly membership in the second and third readings; proposals affecting 'entrenched clauses,' including the sovereignty of the people, supremacy of the constitution, human rights and freedoms, the democratic and multiparty form of government, presidential term of office, independence of the judiciary, and the institutions of traditional or cultural leaders, also requires passage by referendum, ratification by at least two-thirds majority vote of district council members in at least two thirds of Uganda's districts, and assent of the president of the republic; amended several times, last in 2018

Legal system: mixed legal system of English common law and customary law

International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent or grandparent must be a native-born citizen of Uganda
Dual citizenship recognized: yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: an aggregate of 20 years and continuously for the last 2 years prior to applying for citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 26 January 1986)
Head of government: Prime Minister Robinah NABBANJA (since 14 June 2021)
Cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected members of the National Assembly or persons who qualify to be elected as members of the National Assembly
Elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 14 January 2021 (next to be held in 2026)
Election results: 2021: Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (NRM) 58.6%, Robert Kyagulanyi SSENTAMU (aka Bobi WINE) (NUP) 34.8%, Patrick Oboi AMURIAT (FDC) 3.2%, other 3.4%; 2016: Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (NRM) 60.6%, Kizza BESIGYE (FDC) 35.6%, other 3.8%

Legislative branch
Description: unicameral National Assembly or Parliament (556 seats; 353 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 146 for women directly elected in single-seat districts by simple majority vote, and 30 'representatives' reserved for special interest groups - army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5, older persons 5; 27 ex officio members appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)
Elections: last held on 14 January 2021 (next to be held in February 2026)
Elections results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NRM 336, NUP 57, FDC 32, DP 9, UPDF 10, UPC 9, independent 76 (excludes 27 ex-officio members); composition- men 368, women 189, percentage women 33.9%

Judicial branch
Highest courts: Supreme Court of Uganda (consists of the chief justice and at least 6 justices)
Judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the president of the republic in consultation with the Judicial Service Commission, an 8-member independent advisory body, and approved by the National Assembly; justices serve until mandatory retirement at age 70
Subordinate courts: Court of Appeal (also acts as the Constitutional Court); High Court (includes 12 High Court Circuits and 8 High Court Divisions); Industrial Court; Chief Magistrate Grade One and Grade Two Courts throughout the country; qadhis courts; local council courts; family and children courts

Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party or DP, Forum for Democratic Change or FDC, Justice Forum or JEEMA, National Resistance Movement or NRM, National Unity Platform, People's Progressive Party or PPP, Uganda People's Congress or UPC

International organization participation: ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITC, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCDF, UNCTAD, UNECA, UNDP, UNFPA, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNOCI, UNOPS, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFP, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us: chief of mission: Ambassador Robie KAKONGE (since 12 December 2022)
In the us chancery: 5,911 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20,011
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 726-7,100
In the us fax: [1] (202) 726-1727
In the us email address and website: washington@mofa.go.ug; [link]
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador William W. POPP (since 20 September 2023)
From the us embassy: 1577 Ggaba Road, Kampala
From the us mailing address: 2,190 Kampala Place, Washington DC 20,521-2,190
From the us telephone: [256] (0) 312-306-001
From the us fax: [256] (0) 414-259-794
From the us email address and website: KampalaWebContact@state.gov; [link]

Flag description: six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a grey crowned crane (the national symbol) facing the hoist side; black symbolizes the African people, yellow sunshine and vitality, red African brotherhood; the crane was the military badge of Ugandan soldiers under the UK

National symbols: grey crowned crane; national colors: black, yellow, red

National anthem
Name: 'Oh Uganda, Land of Beauty!'
Lyrics/music: George Wilberforce KAKOMOA
Note: adopted 1962

National heritage
Total world heritage sites: 3 (1 cultural, 2 natural)
Selected world heritage site locales:


top of page


Economy overview: low-income, primarily agrarian East African economy; COVID-19 hurt economic growth and poverty reduction; lower oil prices threaten prior sector investments; endemic corruption; natural resource rich; high female labor force participation but undervalued

Real gdp purchasing power parity: $135.668 billion (2023 est.); $128.923 billion (2022 est.); $123.267 billion (2021 est.)
Note: data in 2021 dollars

Real gdp growth rate: 5.23% (2023 est.); 4.59% (2022 est.); 3.54% (2021 est.)
Note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real gdp per capita: $2,800 (2023 est.); $2,700 (2022 est.); $2,700 (2021 est.)
Note: data in 2021 dollars

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 71.3% (2023 est.)
Government consumption: 9.5% (2023 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 22.5% (2023 est.)
Investment in inventories: 0.7% (2023 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 13.4% (2023 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -23.8% (2023 est.)
Note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 23.8% (2023 est.)
Industry: 26% (2023 est.)
Services: 42.4% (2023 est.)
Note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Agriculture products: plantains, sugarcane, maize, cassava, milk, sweet potatoes, beans, vegetables, rice, coffee (2022)
Note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries: sugar processing, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production

Industrial production growth rate: 3.5% (2023 est.)
Note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force: 18.881 million (2023 est.)
Note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate: 2.83% (2023 est.); 2.93% (2022 est.); 3.42% (2021 est.)
Note: % of labor force seeking employment

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15 24 total: 4.5% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 male: 3.4% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 female: 5.6% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Population below poverty line: 20.3% (2019 est.)
Note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget
Revenues: $6.895 billion (2022 est.)
Expenditures: $7.473 billion (2022 est.)
Note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenses converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Taxes and other revenues: 12.55% (of GDP) (2022 est.)
Note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Public debt: 53.89% of GDP (2022 est.)
Note: central government debt as a % of GDP

Revenue
From forest resources: 7.32% of GDP (2018 est.)
From coal: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)

Fiscal year

Inflation rate consumer prices: 5.35% (2023 est.); 7.2% (2022 est.); 2.2% (2021 est.)
Note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance: -$4.172 billion (2022 est.); -$3.972 billion (2021 est.); -$3.598 billion (2020 est.)
Note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Exports: $6.115 billion (2022 est.); $6.231 billion (2021 est.); $5.622 billion (2020 est.)
Note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Partners: UAE 31%, India 12%, Hong Kong 9%, Kenya 8%, Italy 7% (2022)
Partners note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Commodities: gold, coffee, fish, milk, raw sugar (2022)
Commodities note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports: $11.145 billion (2022 est.); $10.686 billion (2021 est.); $10.209 billion (2020 est.)
Note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Partners: China 23%, Kenya 15%, India 13%, UAE 7%, Tanzania 6% (2022)
Partners note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Commodities: vaccines, packaged medicine, plastic products, cars, motorcycles and cycles (2022)
Commodities note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $3.359 billion (2018 est.); $3.721 billion (2017 est.); $3.098 billion (2016 est.)
Note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Debt external: $9.636 billion (2022 est.)
Note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates:


top of page


Electricity
Access electrification total population: 47.1% (2022 est.)
Access electrification urban areas: 72%
Access electrification rural areas: 35.9%
Installed generating capacity: 2.436 million kW (2022 est.)
Consumption: 3.971 billion kWh (2022 est.)
Exports: 336.98 million kWh (2022 est.)
Imports: 23 million kWh (2022 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses: 1.101 billion kWh (2022 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels: 1% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Generation sources solar: 2.5% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 89.3% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Generation sources biomass and waste: 7.2% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)

Coal
Exports: 85.4 metric tons (2022 est.)
Imports: (2022 est.) less than 1 metric ton
Proven reserves: 799.999 million metric tons (2022 est.)

Petroleum
Refined petroleum consumption: 43,000 bbl/day (2022 est.)
Crude oil estimated reserves: 2.5 billion barrels (2021 est.)

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas
Proven reserves: 14.158 billion m³ (2021 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions: 6.19 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 6.19 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)

Energy consumption per capita: 2.248 million Btu/person (2022 est.)


top of page


Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 117,000 (2022 est.)
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1
Mobile cellular total subscriptions: 33.068 million (2022 est.)
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 70 (2022 est.)

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


top of page


Military expenditures: 2% of GDP (2023 est.); 2.2% of GDP (2022 est.); 2.5% of GDP (2021 est.); 2.5% of GDP (2020 est.); 1.7% of GDP (2019 est.)

Military and security forces: Uganda People's Defense Force (UPDF): Land Force (includes marines), Air Force, Special Forces Command, Reserve Force; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Uganda Police Force (2024)
Note 1: the Special Forces Command is a separate branch within the UPDF; it evolved from the former Presidential Guard Brigade and has continued to retain presidential protection duties in addition to its traditional missions, such as counterinsurgency
Note 2: the Uganda Police Force includes air, field, territorial, and marine units, as well as a presidential guard force
Note 3: in 2018, President MUSEVENI created a volunteer force of Local Defense Units under the military to beef up local security in designated parts of the country

Military service age and obligation: 18-25 years of age for voluntary military duty for men and women; 18-30 for those with degrees/diplomas in specialized fields such as medicine, engineering, chemistry, and education, or possess qualifications in some vocational skills; 9-year service obligation (2024)

Space program

Terrorist groups: al-Shabaab; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham - Democratic Republic of Congo (ISIS-DRC)
Note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide


top of page


National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 6 (2020)
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 26
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 21,537 (2018)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: 5X

Airports: 39 (2024)

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways
Total: 20,544 km (excludes local roads)
Paved: 4,257 km
Unpaved: 16,287 km (2017)

Waterways: 907 km (2022) (there are no long navigable stretches of river in Uganda; parts of the Albert Nile ( 210 km) that flow out of Lake Albert (160 km) in the northwestern part of the country are navigable; several lakes including Lake Victoria (337 km) and Lake Kyoga (199.5) have substantial traffic; Lake Albert is navigable along a 200-km stretch from its northern tip to its southern shores)

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


top of page


Disputes international

Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees country of origin: 34,368 (Eritrea), 23,388 (Rwanda), 8,936 (Ethiopia), 5,776 (Sudan) (2023); 931,666 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 512,445 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 40,326 (Somalia), 40,326 (Burundi) (2024)
Stateless persons: 67,000 (2022)

Illicit drugs