Country ranking for field: languages 1990

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This entry provides a listing of languages spoken in each country and specifies any that are official national or regional languages. When data is available, the languages spoken in each country are broken down according to the percent of the total population speaking each language as a first language. For those countries without available data, languages are listed in rank order based on prevalence, starting with the most-spoken language.


1flag of Papua New GuineaPapua New Guinea715 
2flag of Solomon IslandsSolomon Islands120 indigenous languages; Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua franca; English spoken by 1-2% of population 
3flag of HungaryHungary98.2% Hungarian 1 
4flag of FinlandFinland93.5% Finnish 6 
5flag of IranIran58% Persian and Persian dialects 26% Turkic and Turkic dialects 9% Kurdish 2% Luri 1% Baloch 1% Arabic 1% Turkish 2% other 
6flag of BelgiumBelgium56% Flemish 
7flag of AfghanistanAfghanistan50% Pashtu 35% Afghan Persian 
8flag of North KoreaNorth KoreaKorean 
9flag of Northern Mariana IslandsNorthern Mariana IslandsEnglish but Chamorro and Carolinian are also spoken in the home and taught in school 
10flag of NorwayNorwayNorwegian 
11flag of OmanOmanArabic 
12flag of PakistanPakistanUrdu and English 
13flag of PanamaPanamaSpanish 
14flag of ParaguayParaguaySpanish 
15flag of PeruPeruSpanish and Quechua 
16flag of PhilippinesPhilippinesPilipino 
17flag of NiueNiuePolynesian tongue closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English 
18flag of Pitcairn IslandsPitcairn IslandsEnglish 
19flag of PolandPolandPolish 
20flag of PortugalPortugalPortuguese 
21flag of Puerto RicoPuerto RicoSpanish 
22flag of QatarQatarArabic 
23flag of RomaniaRomaniaRomanian Hungarian German 
24flag of RwandaRwandaKinyarwanda French 
25flag of RéunionRéunionFrench 
26flag of Saint HelenaSaint HelenaEnglish 
27flag of Saint Kitts and NevisSaint Kitts and NevisEnglish 
28flag of Norfolk IslandNorfolk IslandEnglish 
29flag of NigerNigerFrench 
30flag of NigeriaNigeriaEnglish 
31flag of MongoliaMongoliaKhalkha Mongol used by over 90% of population; minor languages include Turkic Russian and Chinese 
32flag of MaldivesMaldivesDivehi 
33flag of MaliMaliFrench 
34flag of MaltaMaltaMaltese and English 
35flag of Marshall IslandsMarshall IslandsEnglish universally spoken and is the official language; two major Marshallese dialects from Malayo-Polynesian family; Japanese 
36flag of MartiniqueMartiniqueFrench Creole patois 
37flag of MauritaniaMauritaniaHasaniya Arabic 
38flag of MauritiusMauritiusEnglish 
39flag of MayotteMayotteMahorian 
40flag of MexicoMexicoSpanish 
41flag of MonacoMonacoFrench 
42flag of MontserratMontserratEnglish 
43flag of Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesEnglish some French patois 
44flag of MoroccoMoroccoArabic 
45flag of MozambiqueMozambiquePortuguese 
46flag of MyanmarMyanmarBurmese; minority ethnic groups have their own languages 
47flag of NamibiaNamibiaAfrikaans principal language of about 60% of white population German of 33% and English of 7% 
48flag of NauruNauruNauruan a distinct Pacific Island language 
49flag of NepalNepalNepali 
50flag of Netherlands AntillesNetherlands AntillesDutch 
51flag of New CaledoniaNew CaledoniaFrench; Melanesian-Polynesian dialects 
52flag of New ZealandNew ZealandEnglish 
53flag of NicaraguaNicaraguaSpanish 
54flag of Saint LuciaSaint LuciaEnglish 
55flag of San MarinoSan MarinoItalian 
56flag of Saint-Pierre and MiquelonSaint-Pierre and MiquelonFrench 
57flag of United StatesUnited Statespredominantly English; sizable Spanish-speaking minority 
58flag of TongaTongaTongan English 
59flag of Trinidad and TobagoTrinidad and TobagoEnglish 
60flag of TunisiaTunisiaArabic 
61flag of TurkeyTurkeyTurkish 
62flag of Turks and Caicos IslandsTurks and Caicos IslandsEnglish 
63flag of TuvaluTuvaluTuvaluan English 
64flag of U.S. Virgin IslandsU.S. Virgin IslandsEnglish 
65flag of UgandaUgandaEnglish 
66flag of United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab EmiratesArabic 
67flag of United KingdomUnited KingdomEnglish Welsh 
68flag of UruguayUruguaySpanish 
69flag of TogoTogoFrench both official and language of commerce; major African languages are Ewe and Mina in the south and Dagomba and Kabye in the north 
70flag of VanuatuVanuatuEnglish and French 
71flag of VenezuelaVenezuelaSpanish 
72flag of VietnamVietnamVietnamese 
73flag of Wallis and FutunaWallis and FutunaFrench Wallisian 
74flag of West BankWest BankArabic Israeli settlers speak Hebrew English widely understood 
75flag of Western SaharaWestern SaharaHassaniya Arabic Moroccan Arabic 
76flag of Western SamoaWestern SamoaSamoan 
77flag of YugoslaviaYugoslaviaSerbo-Croatian Slovene Macedonian 
78flag of ZaireZaireFrench 
79flag of ZambiaZambiaEnglish 
80flag of TokelauTokelauTokelauan 
81flag of The NetherlandsThe NetherlandsDutch 
82flag of MalawiMalawiEnglish and Chichewa 
83flag of Sri LankaSri LankaSinhala 
84flag of Saudi ArabiaSaudi ArabiaArabic 
85flag of SenegalSenegalFrench 
86flag of SeychellesSeychellesEnglish and French 
87flag of Sierra LeoneSierra LeoneEnglish 
88flag of SingaporeSingaporeChinese Malay Tamil and English 
89flag of SomaliaSomaliaSomali 
90flag of South AfricaSouth AfricaAfrikaans English 
91flag of South KoreaSouth KoreaKorean; English widely taught in high school 
92flag of Soviet UnionSoviet UnionRussian 
93flag of SpainSpainCastilian Spanish; second languages include 17% Catalan 7% Galician and 2% Basque 
94flag of SudanSudanArabic 
95flag of The GambiaThe GambiaEnglish 
96flag of SurinameSurinameDutch 
97flag of SvalbardSvalbardRussian Norwegian 
98flag of SwazilandSwazilandEnglish and siSwati 
99flag of SwedenSwedenSwedish small Lapp- and Finnish-speaking minorities; immigrants speak native languages 
100flag of SwitzerlandSwitzerlandtotal population--65% German 18% French 12% Italian 1% Romansch 4% other; Swiss nationals--74% German 20% French 4% Italian 1% Romansch 1% other 
101flag of SyriaSyriaArabic 
102flag of São Tomé and PríncipeSão Tomé and PríncipePortuguese 
103flag of TaiwanTaiwanMandarin Chinese 
104flag of TanzaniaTanzaniaSwahili and English 
105flag of ThailandThailandThai; English is the secondary language of the elite; ethnic and regional dialects 
106flag of The BahamasThe BahamasEnglish; some Creole among Haitian immigrants 
107flag of MalaysiaMalaysiaPeninsular Malaysia--Malay 
108flag of LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourgish German French; many also speak English 
109flag of MadagascarMadagascarFrench and Malagasy 
110flag of ColombiaColombiaSpanish 
111flag of CambodiaCambodiaKhmer 
112flag of CameroonCameroonEnglish and French 
113flag of CanadaCanadaEnglish and French 
114flag of Cayman IslandsCayman IslandsEnglish 
115flag of Central African RepublicCentral African RepublicFrench 
116flag of ChadChadFrench and Arabic 
117flag of ChileChileSpanish 
118flag of ChinaChinaStandard Chinese 
119flag of Christmas IslandChristmas IslandEnglish 
120flag of Cocos IslandsCocos IslandsEnglish 
121flag of ComorosComorosShaafi Islam 
122flag of BurundiBurundiKirundi and French 
123flag of CongoCongoFrench 
124flag of Cook IslandsCook IslandsEnglish 
125flag of Costa RicaCosta RicaSpanish 
126flag of CubaCubaSpanish 
127flag of CyprusCyprusGreek Turkish English 
128flag of Côte d'IvoireCôte d'IvoireFrench 
129flag of DenmarkDenmarkDanish Faroese Greenlandic 
130flag of DjiboutiDjiboutiFrench 
131flag of DominicaDominicaEnglish 
132flag of Dominican RepublicDominican RepublicSpanish 
133flag of Cabo VerdeCabo VerdePortuguese and Crioulo a blend of Portuguese and West African words 
134flag of Burkina FasoBurkina FasoFrench 
135flag of EgyptEgyptArabic 
136flag of BahrainBahrainArabic 
137flag of AlgeriaAlgeriaArabic 
138flag of American SamoaAmerican SamoaSamoan 
139flag of AndorraAndorraCatalan 
140flag of AngolaAngolaPortuguese 
141flag of AnguillaAnguillaEnglish 
142flag of Antigua and BarbudaAntigua and BarbudaEnglish 
143flag of ArgentinaArgentinaSpanish 
144flag of ArubaArubaDutch 
145flag of AustraliaAustraliaEnglish native languages 
146flag of AustriaAustriaGerman 
147flag of BangladeshBangladeshBangla 
148flag of BulgariaBulgariaBulgarian; secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic breakdown 
149flag of BarbadosBarbadosEnglish 
150flag of BelizeBelizeEnglish 
151flag of BeninBeninFrench 
152flag of BermudaBermudaEnglish 
153flag of BhutanBhutanBhotes speak various Tibetan dialects--most widely spoken dialect is Dzongkha 
154flag of BoliviaBoliviaSpanish Quechua and Aymara 
155flag of BotswanaBotswanaEnglish 
156flag of BrazilBrazilPortuguese 
157flag of British Virgin IslandsBritish Virgin IslandsEnglish 
158flag of BruneiBruneiMalay 
159flag of EcuadorEcuadorSpanish 
160flag of El SalvadorEl SalvadorSpanish Nahua 
161flag of MacauMacauPortuguese 
162flag of JerseyJerseyEnglish and French 
163flag of IcelandIcelandIcelandic 
164flag of IndiaIndia0 
165flag of IndonesiaIndonesiaBahasa Indonesia 
166flag of IraqIraqArabic 
167flag of IrelandIrelandIrish 
168flag of Isle of ManIsle of ManEnglish Manx Gaelic 
169flag of IsraelIsraelHebrew 
170flag of ItalyItalyItalian; parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German speaking; significant French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region; Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area 
171flag of JamaicaJamaicaEnglish Creole 
172flag of JapanJapanJapanese 
173flag of JordanJordanArabic 
174flag of HondurasHondurasSpanish Indian dialects 
175flag of KenyaKenyaEnglish and Swahili 
176flag of KiribatiKiribatiEnglish 
177flag of KuwaitKuwaitArabic 
178flag of LaosLaosLao 
179flag of LebanonLebanonArabic and French 
180flag of LesothoLesothoSesotho 
181flag of LiberiaLiberiaEnglish 
182flag of LibyaLibyaArabic; Italian and English widely understood in major cities 
183flag of LiechtensteinLiechtensteinGerman 
184flag of AlbaniaAlbaniaAlbanian 
185flag of Hong KongHong KongChinese 
186flag of Holy SeeHoly SeeItalian Latin and various other languages 
187flag of Equatorial GuineaEquatorial GuineaSpanish 
188flag of GhanaGhanaEnglish 
189flag of EthiopiaEthiopiaAmharic 
190flag of Falkland IslandsFalkland IslandsEnglish 
191flag of Faroe IslandsFaroe IslandsFaroese 
192flag of Federated States of MicronesiaFederated States of MicronesiaEnglish is the official and common language; most indigenous languages fall within the Austronesian language family the exceptions are the Polynesian languages; major indigenous languages are Trukese Pohnpeian Yapese and Kosrean 
193flag of FijiFijiEnglish 
194flag of FranceFranceFrench 
195flag of French GuianaFrench GuianaFrench 
196flag of French PolynesiaFrench PolynesiaFrench 
197flag of GabonGabonFrench 
198flag of Gaza StripGaza StripArabic Israeli settlers speak Hebrew English widely understood 
199flag of GibraltarGibraltarEnglish and Spanish are primary languages; Italian Portuguese and Russian also spoken; English used in the schools and for official purposes 
200flag of HaitiHaitiFrench 
201flag of GreeceGreeceGreek 
202flag of GreenlandGreenlandEskimo dialects Danish 
203flag of GrenadaGrenadaEnglish 
204flag of GuadeloupeGuadeloupeFrench creole patois 
205flag of GuamGuamEnglish and Chamorro most residents bilingual; Japanese also widely spoken 
206flag of GuatemalaGuatemalaSpanish but over 40% of the population speaks an Indian language as a primary tongue 
207flag of GuernseyGuernseyEnglish French; Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts 
208flag of Guinea-BissauGuinea-BissauPortuguese 
209flag of GuineaGuineaFrench 
210flag of GuyanaGuyanaEnglish Amerindian dialects 
211flag of ZimbabweZimbabweEnglish 


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